Title
A title is a group of code and/or data. On the Wii U, titles generally represent apps such as OSes or apps on the System Menu, although other titles also exist, such as Version Data. The information on this page only applies to Wii U titles unless otherwise specified. For info about Wii and vWii titles, see WiiBrew: Title.
Title ID
Every title is given an 8-byte title ID that usually uniquely identifies the title. The upper title ID (the first 4 bytes) is a bitmask describing the category of the title, while the lower title ID (the last 4 bytes) is a unique identifier for the title itself.
A title's title ID is stored in the TMD, ticket, app.xml, and meta.xml. The title ID is stored in the TMD and ticket as 8 hexadecimal bytes, and it is stored in app.xml and meta.xml as the "title_id" 8-byte hexadecimal string (letters can be either uppercase or lowercase). Not all titles include all 4 files. At the very least, a complete title will always include either a TMD or app.xml.
Note that due to the way the Wii U handles game updates, the title ID in meta.xml for update titles will be the title ID of the base title. Separately, the title ID in meta.xml can be different from the actual title ID. The actual title ID of a title will always be in the TMD, ticket, and app.xml.
TODO: Do title IDs with uppercase/lowercase letters have anything in common? Might be tied to meta.xml format version. Why do some titles have incorrect title IDs in meta.xml?
If two titles have the same title ID, then they are usually different versions of the same title. However, it is possible for 2 clearly distinct titles to use the same title ID. In that scenario, they will often have unique product codes, although that alone is not sufficient to determine if they are separate titles. Ultimately, whether or not they can be considered as the same title is up to interpretation.
Upper Title ID
The following upper title IDs are known to exist.
| Upper Title ID | Description |
|---|---|
| 00050000 | Game Application Titles |
| 00050001 | Cafe SDK NDEBUG OS Titles (Pre-2.0) |
| 00050002 | Kiosk Interactive Demo and eShop Demo Titles |
| 0005000B | Shared User Data (FCT/Factory) Titles |
| 0005000C | Game DLC Titles |
| 0005000E | Game Update Titles |
| 00050010 | System Application Titles and Overlay Application Titles (OSv5, OSv6, OSv7) |
| 00050011 | Unconfirmed (Data, System) |
| 00050012 | Unconfirmed (Free, System) |
| 00050013 | Unconfirmed (Data, Free, System) |
| 00050014 | Unconfirmed (Patch, System) |
| 00050015 | Unconfirmed (Data, Patch, System) |
| 00050016 | Unconfirmed (Free, Patch, System) |
| 00050017 | Unconfirmed (Data, Free, Patch, System) |
| 00050018 | Unconfirmed (Add-On, System) |
| 00050019 | Unconfirmed (Data, Add-On, System) |
| 0005001A | Unconfirmed (Free, Add-On, System) |
| 0005001B | Shared Data Title |
| 0005001C | Unconfirmed (Patch, Add-On, System) |
| 0005001D | Unconfirmed (Data, Patch, Add-On, System) |
| 0005001E | Unconfirmed (Free, Patch, Add-On, System) |
| 0005001F | Unconfirmed (Data, Free, Patch, Add-On, System) |
| 00050030 | Overlay Application Titles (OSv9, OSv10, OSv255) |
| 00050031 | Unconfirmed (Data, System, Overlay) |
| 00050032 | Unconfirmed (Free, System, Overlay) |
| 00050033 | Unconfirmed (Data, Free, System, Overlay) |
| 00050034 | Unconfirmed (Patch, System, Overlay) |
| 00050035 | Unconfirmed (Data, Patch, System, Overlay) |
| 00050036 | Unconfirmed (Free, Patch, System, Overlay) |
| 00050037 | Unconfirmed (Data, Free, Patch, System, Overlay) |
| 00050038 | Unconfirmed (Add-On, System, Overlay) |
| 00050039 | Unconfirmed (Data, Add-On, System, Overlay) |
| 0005003A | Unconfirmed (Free, Add-On, System, Overlay) |
| 0005003B | Unconfirmed (Data, Free, Add-On, System, Overlay) |
| 0005003C | Unconfirmed (Patch, Add-On, System, Overlay) |
| 0005003D | Unconfirmed (Data, Patch, Add-On, System, Overlay) |
| 0005003E | Unconfirmed (Free, Patch, Add-On, System, Overlay) |
| 0005003F | Unconfirmed (Data, Free, Patch, Add-On, System, Overlay) |
| 0005004E | Disc Update Package Title |
| 00058001 | Cafe SDK DEBUG OS Title (Pre-2.0) |
| 0005C001 | Cafe SDK FDEBUG OS Title (Pre-2.0) |
Upper title IDs listed as "Unconfirmed" do not have any known titles that use them. These upper title IDs are referenced in the "exceptions.txt" file used in memoryclear_exceptions and wagonu_specification. These upper title IDs are listed among others as folders to not be deleted in case of a formatted system memory or system transfer. They are almost certainly just placeholders in case those upper title IDs were used in the future. The parentheses for each upper title ID is a speculative guess based on the bitmask.
For upper title IDs labeled "Pre-2.0", this is mostly an assumption. Cafe SDK versions 1.7 and 1.8.1 are known to use these upper title IDs. At some point between 1.8.1 and 2.0, system application titles were reclassified as 00050010.
Overlay application titles running under OSv5, OSv6, and OSv7 have the same upper title ID as other system application titles. Overlay application titles running under OSv9, OSv10, and OSv255 were given a separate upper title ID of 00050030. It is unknown what upper title ID overlay application titles running under OSv8 would use (assuming any exist in the first place) as OSv8 itself has never been found.
The first 2 bytes are the platform ID, which is 5 for Wii U titles. The second 2 bytes are likely a bitmask. The following bits are recognized:
| Mask | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 0x1 | Non-executable data / SDK OS (Pre-2.0) |
| 0x2 | Free |
| 0x4 | Patch |
| 0x8 | Add-on content |
| 0x10 | System title |
| 0x20 | Runs in background |
| 0x40 | Disc GI partition title |
| 0x4000 | Cafe SDK FDEBUG enabled (Pre-2.0) |
| 0x8000 | Cafe SDK DEBUG enabled (Pre-2.0) |
Lower Title ID
TODO: Have this section describe the ranges of lower title IDs and what they are used for. Figure out if this should cover de facto ranges or de jure ranges. The smallest lower title ID is "10000100" so is that the start of the section or should that section actually start at "10000000"?
| Start | End | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 00000000 | 100000FF | Reserved |
| 10000100 | 1FFFFFFF | TODO |
| 20000000 | FFFFFFFF | Reserved |
vWii
vWii titles have 2 different title IDs, a Wii U mode title ID and a Wii mode title ID. The Wii U mode title ID is considered to be the correct title ID. vWii titles are stored under their Wii U mode title ID on CDNs. The Wii U mode title key is also used for generating the title key. The Wii mode title ID is used only in the context of Wii mode. The Wii mode title ID is stored inside of the TMD and ticket.
The following upper title IDs are used by vWii titles.
| Upper Title ID (Wii U Mode) | Upper Title ID (Wii Mode) | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 00000007 | 00000001 | Essential System Titles |
| 00070002 | 00010002 | System Channel Titles |
| 00070008 | 00010008 | Hidden Channel Titles |
The platform ID for vWii is 7, except for essential system titles which use a platform ID of 0. The second 2 bytes are likely a bitmask. The following bits are recognized:
| Mask | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 0x1 | Essential system title |
| 0x2 | System channel |
| 0x6 | Hidden channel / vWii essential system title |
Title Database
In the title database, title IDs are written with uppercase letters and a hyphen between the upper title ID and the lower title ID. For example, the title ID for "New SUPER MARIO BROS. U (USA)" would be written as "00050000-10101D00". Notes should be added if the title ID in meta.xml is incorrect, and the incorrect title ID should be considered a separate reference title (if not used by a complete title). If this is the case, then the correct title ID of that title is taken (in order of priority) from its TMD, ticket, or app.xml.
Update titles have the title ID of the base title in meta.xml. This is not considered an incorrect title ID. However, if the base title has not been found, it will need a title entry of its own. Product code, company code, group ID, and region can all be inferred from the update title, although a note should be added saying that those values are all unconfirmed. The source of such a title would be undumped because it is almost a certain a base title existed at some point. For an example, see "Know Your Friends (USA)" and "Know Your Friends (EUR)".
Group ID
Most titles have a 4-byte group ID to categorize the title, with both an upper group ID (the first 2 bytes) and a lower group ID (the last 2 bytes).
A title's group ID is stored in its app.xml and meta.xml. The lower group ID is also stored in the TMD as 2 hexadecimal bytes. In app.xml and meta.xml, it is stored as the "group_id" 4-byte hexadecimal string (letters can be either uppercase or lowercase). For all known titles, the group ID in the app.xml and meta.xml are identical, and the lower group ID in the TMD always matches as well. If a title does not include an app.xml or meta.xml file, then the upper group ID can be assumed to be "0000".
TODO: Do group IDs with uppercase/lowercase letters have anything in common? Might be tied to app.xml and/or meta.xml format version.
The lower group ID will usually be the middle 2 bytes of the lower title ID. However, a title can also use the group ID of a different title. For example, the title ID of "Wii Fit U (USA)" is "00050000-10102300", and its group ID is "0000-1023". "Wii Fit U Quick Check (USA)", "Wii Fit U (Free) (USA)", and "Wii Fit U Info" all have a group ID of "0000-1023" due to their relation to "Wii Fit U (USA)".
TODO: A couple more examples could help. Many titles by Nintendo use the same group ID as "New Super Mario Bros. U (USA)" for some reason.
The upper group ID is likely meant to categorize the group ID. The following upper group IDs are used.
TODO: This table might be incomplete.
| Upper Group ID | Description |
|---|---|
| 0000 | Standard upper group ID used by most titles |
| 0001 | Used for most titles on the Dev CDN and always accompanied by a lower group ID of "0000" |
| 000F | Used for some titles on the Dev CDN that have a lower title ID beginning with "1F" |
Title Database
Group IDs should be written with uppercase letters and a hyphen between the upper group ID and the lower group ID. For example, the group ID for "New SUPER MARIO BROS. U (USA)" would be written as "0000-101D".
If a title's group ID is not derived from its own title ID, a note should be added mentioning the title the group ID came from.
If a title does not include an app.xml or meta.xml, its upper group ID is "0000". If a title does not a TMD either, then its group ID should be left blank.
Version
TODO
Title Database
TODO
Name
TODO
Title Database
TODO
Product Code
A title's product code is stored in its meta.xml as the "product_code" string (letters are always uppercase). Product codes are usually stored with hyphens separating their 3 segments, but sometimes are stored without the hyphens. Titles that do not include a meta.xml do not have product codes.
TODO: Do product codes with no hyphens have anything in common? Might be tied to meta.xml format version.
The 3 segments that compose a product code are the platform (always "WUP" for Wii U), the app type, and a unique identifier provided to developers by Nintendo. The first 3 characters of the unique identifier is a combination of uppercase letters and numbers. The last character of the unique identifier is meant to represent the locale and/or the supported languages of the title. The following characters are used by at least one known title.
TODO: The following table is likely not comprehensive and further investigation is needed. Add all languages supported by that lo
| Character | Locale |
|---|---|
| A | All |
| D | Germany / Placeholder |
| E | USA / USA & Europe |
| F | France |
| I | Italy |
| J | Japan |
| P | Europe |
| R | Russia |
| S | Spain |
| X | Scandinavia / Australia |
| Y | USA |
| Z | USA / Europe / USA & Europe / Spain & Italy / Scandinavia & Finland |
App Type
App types are not guaranteed to be accurate to the contents of the title. As an example, "N" is not universally used by digital-only titles.
| Character | Type |
|---|---|
| B | Kiosk Interactive Demo |
| M | Downloadable Content |
| N | Digital-Only Titles |
| P | Standard Titles |
| T | eShop Demo |
| U | Update |
Placeholders
Product codes are meant to be unique for each title. However, "WUP-P-ABCD" is commonly used as a placeholder product code, and it is shared by many titles. The following table includes all product codes that are known to be used by multiple titles.
| Product Code | Description |
|---|---|
| WUP-P-ABCD | Placeholder product code used by many titles |
Title Database
If a product code is in meta.xml without the hyphens between the three segments, it should be written with hyphens for consistency. For example, if meta.xml contains "WUPMDHQA", it should be written as "WUP-M-DHQA".
If a title's product code changes between versions, then all values should be listed (in order of highest version to lowest version) with parentheses detailing what versions use each value.
If a title does not include a meta.xml, then its product code should be left blank.
Company Code
Every title that includes a meta.xml has a company code. Company codes uniquely identify the publisher of the title rather than the developers.
TODO: Verify this is correct.
A title's company code is stored in its meta.xml as the "company_code" string. Company codes are 4 characters long and only contain numbers and uppercase letters. Titles that do not include a meta.xml do not have company codes.
TODO: Verify letters in company codes are always uppercase. If not, it may be dependent on meta.xml version format.
A common placeholder company code is "ZZZZ". It is often seen in combination with a placeholder product code of "WUP-P-ABCD".
The following is a list of all company codes known to have been used.
TODO: This table is incomplete. Ideally, be sure to verify the publisher in multiple places and ideally with multiple titles. Different releases often have different publishers. Don't use the official Nintendo site for publishers as those are often abbreviated. Been going off of the publishers listed on Wikipedia, GameFAQs, Nintendo World Report etc.
| Company Code | Publisher/Description |
|---|---|
| 0001 | Nintendo |
| 0002 | Typo used by v2 of "c (CaffeineTestTool_For_Prod.rpx) (ALL)" |
| 0008 | Capcom |
| 0013 | Electronic Arts |
| 002P | The Pokémon Company |
| 0036 | Codemasters |
| 0041 | Ubisoft |
| 004Q | Disney Interactive Studios |
| 0052 | Activision |
| 0054 | 2K |
| 005G | Majesco |
| 0069 | EA Sports |
| 006H | BBC |
| 006V | Nordic Games |
| 0078 | THQ |
| 007W | Carbon Fire Studio |
| 007X | Nyamyam |
| 007Y | RingZero Game Studio |
| 007Z | WaterMelon |
| 008P | Sega |
| 008R | Ludosity |
| 008S | From Nothing Game Studios |
| 008U | RCMADIAX |
| 008V | ZeNfA Productions |
| 008Z | 2020 Venture |
| 0091 | Spike Chunsoft |
| 0099 | XSEED Games |
| 009T | Fuzzy Wuzzy Games |
| 009U | Arbelos Interactive |
| 009V | Wales Interactive |
| 009W | BeautiFun Games |
| 009X | PhobosLab |
| 009Y | Eclipse Games |
| 009Z | Crunchyroll |
| 00AF | Namco Bandai Games |
| 00AS | Dark Roast Entertainment |
| 00AT | CoderChild |
| 00AV | Rain Games |
| 00AW | Henchmen Studios |
| 00AY | Yacht Club Games |
| 00BR | Maestro Interactive Games |
| 00BU | Ynnis Interactive |
| 00BV | Squids Odyssey |
| 00BX | CW-Games |
| 00C8 | Tecmo Koei |
| 00CR | Dark Horse Books |
| 00CS | Dakko Dakko Limited |
| 00CX | Black Forest Games |
| 00CY | Ripstone |
| 00DU | Mojang AB |
| 00DV | Farsight Studios |
| 00DW | Delirium Studios |
| 00DY | Keen Games |
| 00DZ | Moving Player |
| 00E9 | Natsume Inc. |
| 00EB | Atlus |
| 00ET | Joindots |
| 00EX | Tomorrow Corporation |
| 00EY | Vblank Entertainment |
| 00FV | Hörberg Productions |
| 00FY | BiP Media |
| 00FZ | Frozenbyte |
| 00G9 | D3 Publisher |
| 00GD | Square Enix |
| 00GT | 505 Games |
| 00HF | Level-5 |
| 00HL | Frontier Developments |
| 00HQ | Abstraction Games |
| 00J8 | Konami |
| 00JF | Aksys Games |
| 00JJ | Deep Silver (USA) |
| 00JR | Engine Software |
| 00JW | Nacon |
| 00JX | Shin'en Multimedia |
| 00KM | Deep Silver (EUR) |
| 00LF | KEMCO |
| 00LW | |
| 00LY | |
| 00ME | |
| 00NK | |
| 00NN | |
| 00NS | |
| 00NT | |
| 00NV | |
| 00Q4 | |
| 00QC | |
| 00QE | |
| 00R0 | |
| 00R5 | |
| 00R7 | |
| 00R8 | |
| 00RG | |
| 00RV | |
| 00S6 | |
| 00SA | |
| 00SE | |
| 00SF | |
| 00SS | |
| 00T2 | |
| 00T6 | Flyhigh Works |
| 00TD | |
| 00TF | |
| 00TJ | |
| 00TL | |
| 00TW | |
| 00TY | |
| 00TZ | |
| 00U6 | |
| 00UA | |
| 00UB | |
| 00UC | |
| 00UE | |
| 00UP | |
| 00UZ | |
| 00V0 | |
| 00V3 | |
| 00V4 | |
| 00V9 | |
| 00VA | |
| 00VB | |
| 00VC | |
| 00VD | |
| 00VE | |
| 00VF | |
| 00VW | |
| 00VZ | |
| 00W0 | |
| 00W1 | |
| 00W4 | |
| 00W5 | |
| 00W6 | |
| 00W7 | |
| 00W8 | |
| 00W9 | |
| 00WB | |
| 00WD | |
| 00WH | |
| 00WR | |
| 00WY | |
| 00X9 | |
| 00XB | |
| 00XN | |
| 00XQ | |
| 00XS | |
| 00XT | |
| 00XY | |
| 00Y4 | |
| 00YD | |
| 00YF | |
| 00YG | |
| 00YM | |
| 00YR | |
| 00YT | |
| 00YV | |
| 00ZR | |
| 0102 | |
| 0103 | |
| 0108 | |
| 010C | |
| 010E | |
| 010L | |
| 010M | |
| 010N | |
| 010P | |
| 010Q | |
| 010V | |
| 010Z | Unity Games Japan |
| 0111 | |
| 0113 | |
| 0115 | |
| 0116 | |
| 0119 | |
| 011A | |
| 011C | |
| 011D | |
| 011F | |
| 011H | |
| 011P | |
| 011R | |
| 011S | |
| 011X | |
| 011Y | |
| 0127 | |
| 0128 | |
| 0129 | |
| 012A | |
| 012C | |
| 012F | |
| 012J | |
| 012P | |
| 012Q | |
| 012S | |
| 012U | |
| 012Y | |
| 0130 | |
| 0134 | |
| 0136 | |
| 0137 | |
| 013A | SOEDESCO |
| 013H | |
| 013J | |
| 013P | |
| 013Q | |
| 013R | |
| 013S | |
| 013T | |
| 0142 | |
| 0146 | |
| 0147 | |
| 0148 | |
| 0149 | |
| 014A | |
| 014D | |
| 014J | |
| 014K | |
| 014L | |
| 014P | |
| 014T | |
| 014U | |
| 014V | |
| 014W | |
| 014Z | |
| 0157 | |
| 015D | |
| 015G | |
| 015J | |
| 015K | |
| 015L | |
| 015R | |
| 015S | |
| 015U | |
| 015V | |
| 015W | |
| 015Y | |
| 0164 | |
| 0167 | |
| 0169 | |
| 016D | |
| 016E | |
| 016G | |
| 016J | |
| 016V | |
| 016X | |
| 016Z | |
| 0170 | |
| 0171 | |
| 0172 | |
| 0173 | |
| 0175 | |
| 017B | |
| 017C | |
| 017D | |
| 017E | |
| 017F | Alliance Digital Media |
| 017G | |
| 017H | |
| 017J | |
| 017K | |
| 017L | |
| 017M | |
| 017P | |
| 017T | |
| 017W | |
| 017X | |
| 017Y | |
| 017Z | |
| 0182 | |
| 0183 | |
| 0184 | |
| 0185 | |
| 0186 | |
| 0188 | Microsoft Japan |
| 0189 | |
| 018D | |
| 018G | |
| 018L | |
| 018P | |
| 018Q | |
| 018R | |
| 018S | |
| 018W | |
| 018X | |
| 018Z | |
| 0190 | |
| 0191 | |
| 0195 | |
| 0198 | |
| 0199 | |
| 019A | |
| 019D | |
| 019G | |
| 019H | |
| 019K | |
| 019M | |
| 019P | |
| 019Q | |
| 019T | |
| 019X | |
| 0202 | |
| 0206 | |
| 0207 | |
| 0209 | |
| 020A | |
| 020K | |
| 020P | |
| 020Q | |
| 020V | |
| 020W | |
| 020X | |
| 020Z | |
| 0210 | |
| 0212 | |
| 0215 | |
| 021D | |
| 021F | |
| 021G | |
| 021Q | |
| 021T | |
| 021V | |
| 0222 | |
| 0225 | |
| 022P | |
| 022Z | |
| 0231 | |
| 0237 | |
| 023A | |
| 023B | |
| 0246 | |
| 024G | |
| 024V | |
| 024X | |
| 025N | |
| 025V | |
| 025X | |
| 026S | |
| 026Y | |
| 028N | |
| 029S | |
| 029Z | |
| 030Q | |
| 031J | |
| 0326 | |
| 0339 | |
| ZZZZ | Placeholder used by many titles |
Title Database
If a title's company code changes between versions, then all values should be listed (in order of highest version to lowest version) with parentheses detailing what versions use each value.
If a title does not include a meta.xml, then its company code should be left blank.
Region
TODO
Title Database
TODO
Source
TODO
Title Database
TODO